Eastern red cedar encroachment into the Nebraska Sandhills threatens native grasslands and their inhabitants, including people, plants, and animals.  Increased Eastern red cedar encroachment into intact grasslands s reduces the quality and quantity of the grazing resource for livestock and native habitat for wildlife.  Intact grasslands are characterized as treeless landscapes dominated by grass plant species.  They have not been invaded by woody plants, such as Eastern Red Cedar, but may have a small component of native shrubs and broadleaf plants.  Woody encroachment begins through seed dispersal, followed by seedling maturity, and further encroachment when the initial seedlings reach maturity.  Landscapes that have transitioned from intact grasslands to woodlands experience severe changes in functionality.  They no longer provide the same goods and services as a grassland, supporting different types of plants and animals.  There are many resources available to help landowners learn more and control woody encroachment on their grazing lands.  Methods of control are varied and benefit not only livestock production but also wildlife.